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Resources ⮞ Character Entities

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This page lists a variety of especially useful character entities:

Ampersands
Bullets
Roman Numerals
Greek Alphabet
Superscripts
Subscripts
Digits
Ligatures
Fractions
Math
Punctuation
Spaces
Other

Ampersands

Here are various ampersands:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Number
& &	& &	Ampersand
	﹠ ﹠ ﹠	Small ampersand
	＆＆＆	Full width ampersand
	⅋ ⅋ ⅋	Turned ampersand
	🙰 🙰 🙰	Script ampersand ornament
	🙱 🙱 🙱	Heavy script ampersand ornament
	🙲 🙲 🙲	Ligature open ampersand ornament
	🙳 🙳 🙳	Heavy ligature open ampersand ornament
	🙴 🙴 🙴	Heavy ampersand ornament
	🙵 🙵 🙵	Swash ampersand ornament

Note: page Fonts ⮞ Font Ampersands lists these ampersands in a large variety of fonts.

Bullets

Here are various bullets:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Number
• •	• •	bullet (see also w3schools)
	‣ ‣	triangular bullet
	⁃ ⁃	dash bullet
	⁌ ⁌	left bullet
	⁍ ⁍	right bullet
	◘ ◘	inverse bullet
	◦ ◦	white bullet
	⦾ ⦾	white point bullet
	⦿ ⦿	black point bullet
	★ ★	black star (solid star)
	⭑ ⭑	black star, small (solid star)
	🟉 🟉	black star, light (solid star)
	🟊 🟊	black star, heavy (solid star)
	☆ ☆	white star (outline of star)
	⭒ ⭒	white star, small (outline of star)
	✰ ✰	white star, shadowed (outline of star)
	✪ ✪	black star, circled
	✫ ✫	black star, open center
	✬ ✬	white star, black center
	✭ ✭	black star, outlined
	✮ ✮	black star, heavily outlined
	🟀 🟀	black star, 3-pointed, light
	🟂 🟂	black star, 3-pointed, heavy
	✦ ✦	black star, 4-pointed
	🟄 🟄	black star, 4-pointed, light
	🟆 🟆	black star, 4-pointed, heavy
	✶ ✶	black star, 6-pointed
	✴ ✴	black star, 8-pointed
	✹ ✹	black star, 12-pointed
	✢ ✢	asterisk, 4-spoked
	✤ ✤	asterisk, 4-spoked, heavy
	✱ ✱	asterisk, 6-spoked, heavy
	✽ ✽	asterisk, 6-spoked, heavy, teardrop spoked
	❊ ❊	asterisk, 8-spoked
	❋ ❋	asterisk, 8-spoked, heavy
	✺ ✺	asterisk, 16-spoked
	⯨ ⯨	left half black star
	⯩ ⯩	right half black star
	⯪ ⯪	star with left half black
	⯫ ⯫	star with right half black
	● ●	solid circle
	○ ○	open circle

Roman Numerals

Here are characters for the various roman numerals. NB: take great care in using these numeric character entities, since some fonts contain the wrong glyphs.

Entities	Numeric Character References	Number
	Ⅰ Ⅰ	1
	ⅰ ⅰ	1
	Ⅱ Ⅱ	2
	ⅱ ⅱ	2
	Ⅲ Ⅲ	3
	ⅲ ⅲ	3
	Ⅳ Ⅳ	4
	ⅳ ⅳ	4
	Ⅴ Ⅴ	5
	ⅴ ⅴ	5
	Ⅵ Ⅵ	6
	ⅵ ⅵ	6
	Ⅶ Ⅶ	7
	ⅶ ⅶ	7
	Ⅷ Ⅷ	8
	ⅷ ⅷ	8
	Ⅸ Ⅸ	9
	ⅸ ⅸ	9
	Ⅹ Ⅹ	10
	ⅹ ⅹ	10
	Ⅺ Ⅺ	11
	ⅺ ⅺ	11
	Ⅻ Ⅻ	12
	ⅻ ⅻ	12
	Ⅼ Ⅼ	50
	ⅼ ⅼ	50
	Ⅽ Ⅽ	100
	ⅽ ⅽ	100
	Ⅾ Ⅾ	500
	ⅾ ⅾ	500
	Ⅿ Ⅿ	1,000
	ⅿ ⅿ	1,000

Greek Alphabet

Here is a greek alphabet:

Uppercase Numeric Character References	Uppercase Numeric Character References	Descriptions
Α Α	α α	Alpha
Β Β	β β	Beta
Γ Γ	γ γ	Gamma
Δ Δ	δ δ	Delta
Ε Ε	ε ε	Elipson
Ζ Ζ	ζ ζ	Zeta
Η Η	η η	Eta
Θ Θ	θ θ	Theta
Ι Ι	ι ι	Iota
Κ Κ	κ κ	Kappa
Λ Λ	λ λ	Lambda
Μ Μ	μ μ	Mu
Ν Ν	ν ν	Nu
Ξ Ξ	ξ ξ	Xi
Ο Ο	ο ο	Omicron
Π Π	π π	Pi
Ρ Ρ	ρ ρ	Rho
	ς ς	Sigma (terminal)
Σ Σ	σ σ	Sigma
Τ Τ	τ τ	Tau
Υ Υ	υ υ	Upsilon
Φ Φ	φ φ	Phi
Χ Χ	χ χ	Chi
Ψ Ψ	ψ ψ	Psi
Ω Ω	ω ω	Omega

Superscript Characters

Here are some superscript characters:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
	⁰ ⁰	superscript 0
	ⁱ ⁱ	superscript 1
² ²	² ²	superscript two = superscript digit two = squared
³ ³	³ ³	superscript three = superscript digit three = cubed
	⁴ ⁴	superscript 4
	⁵ ⁵	superscript 5
	⁶ ⁶	superscript 6
	⁷ ⁷	superscript 7
	⁸ ⁸	superscript 8
	⁹ ⁹	superscript 9
	⁺ ⁺	superscript +
	⁻ ⁻	superscript -
	⁼ ⁼	superscript =
	⁽ ⁽	superscript (
	⁾ ⁾	superscript )
	ᵃ ᵃ	superscript a
	ᵇ ᵇ	superscript b
	ᶜ ᶜ	superscript c
	ᵈ ᵈ	superscript d
	ᵉ ᵉ	superscript e
	ᶠ ᶠ	superscript f
	ᶢ ᶢ	superscript g
	ᵏ ᵏ	superscript k
	ᵐ ᵐ	superscript m
	ⁿ ⁿ	superscript n
	ᵒ ᵒ	superscript o
	ᵖ ᵖ	superscript p
	ᵗ ᵗ	superscript t
	ᵘ ᵘ	superscript u
	ᵛ ᵛ	superscript v
	ᶻ ᶻ	superscript z

Subscript Characters

Here are some subscript characters:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
	₀ ₀	subscript 0
	₁ ₁	subscript 1
	₂ ₂	subscript 2
	₃ ₃	subscript 3
	₄ ₄	subscript 4
	₅ ₅	subscript 5
	₆ ₆	subscript 6
	₇ ₇	subscript 7
	₈ ₈	subscript 8
	₉ ₉	subscript 9
	₊ ₊	subscript +
	₋ ₋	subscript -
	₌ ₌	subscript =
	₍ ₍	subscript (
	₎ ₎	subscript )
	₏ ₏	subscript n

Digits

Here are some digits:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
	❶ ❶	dingbat negative circled digit 1
	❷ ❷	dingbat negative circled digit 2
	❸ ❸	dingbat negative circled digit 3
	❹ ❹	dingbat negative circled digit 4
	❺ ❺	dingbat negative circled digit 5
	❻ ❻	dingbat negative circled digit 6
	❼ ❼	dingbat negative circled digit 7
	❽ ❽	dingbat negative circled digit 8
	❾ ❾	dingbat negative circled digit 9
	❿ ❿	dingbat negative circled digit 10
	➀ ➀	dingbat negative circled digit 1
	➁ ➁	dingbat negative circled digit 2
	➂ ➂	dingbat negative circled digit 3
	➃ ➃	dingbat negative circled digit 4
	➄ ➄	dingbat negative circled digit 5
	➅ ➅	dingbat negative circled digit 6
	➆ ➆	dingbat negative circled digit 7
	➇ ➇	dingbat negative circled digit 8
	➈ ➈	dingbat negative circled digit 9
	➉ ➉	dingbat negative circled digit 10
	➊ ➊	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 1
	➋ ➋	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 2
	➌ ➌	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 3
	➍ ➍	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 4
	➎ ➎	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 5
	➏ ➏	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 6
	➐ ➐	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 7
	➑ ➑	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 8
	➒ ➒	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 9
	➓ ➓	dingbat negative circled sans-serif digit 10

Ligatures

Here are common ligatures:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
Æ Æ	Æ Æ	latin capital Æ = latin capital ligature Æ
æ æ	æ æ	latin small æ = latin small ligature æ
&OElig; Œ	Œ Œ	latin capital ligature Œ
&oelig; œ	œ œ	latin small ligature œ
	Ĳ Ĳ	latin capital ligature ij
	ĳ ĳ	latin small ligature ij
&fflig; ﬀ	ﬀ ﬀ ﬀ	LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FF
&filig; ﬁ	ﬁ ﬁ ﬁ	LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FI
&fllig; ﬂ	ﬂ ﬂ ﬂ	LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FL
&ffilig; ﬃ	ﬃ ﬃ ﬃ	LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFI
&ffllig; ﬄ	ﬄ ﬄ ﬄ	LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFL
	ﬅ ﬅ ﬅ	LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FT
	ﬆ ﬆ ﬆ	LATIN SMALL LIGATURE ST

Fractions

Here are fractions:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
&frac18;	⅛ ⅛	1/8
&frac16;	⅙ ⅙	1/6
&frac15;	⅕ ⅕	1/5
¼ ¼	¼ ¼	1/4
&frac13;	⅓ ⅓	1/3
&frac38;	⅜ ⅜	3/8
&frac25;	⅖ ⅖	2/5
½ ½	½ ½	1/2
&frac35;	⅗ ⅗	3/5
&frac58;	⅝ ⅝	5/8
&frac23;	⅔ ⅔	2/3
¾ ¾	¾ ¾	3/4
&frac45;	⅘ ⅘	4/5
&frac56;	⅚ ⅚	5/6
&frac78;	⅞ ⅞	7/8

Math

Here are some math entities:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
	+ +	Plus
	− −	Minus
×	× ×	Times, or Multiplied by
	⋅ ⋅	Times, or Multiplied by, or Dot operator
&div;	÷ ÷	Divided by
	= =	Equals
	≡ ≡	Is identical to
	≠ ≠	Not equals
	≈ ≈	Approximately, or approximately equals
	≉ ≉	Not approximately, or not approximately equals
<	< <	Less than
	≤ ≤	Less than or equal to
>	> >	Greater than
	≥ ≥	Greater than or equal to
√	√ √	Square root
	∛ ∛	Cube root
	∜ ∜	Fourth root
	ℇ ℇ	Euler’s constant ～2.71828
π	π π	Pi (circle’s circumference/diameter) ～3.14159
φ	φ φ	Golden ratio ((1+√5)/2) ～1.618034
Φ	ϕ ϕ	Inverse of golden ratio (1/φ) ～0.618034
∅	∅ ∅	Null, or empty set

See also: Superscripts

See also: Subscripts

Punctuation

Here are useful punctuation characters:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
&lsaquo; ‹	‹	left single quote (french)
&rsaquo; ›	›	right single quote (french)
« «	« «	left double quote (french)
» »	» »	right double quote (french)
	‼ ‼	double exclamation mark
	‽ ‽	interrobang
	⁇ ⁇	double question mark
	⁈ ⁈	question exclamation mark
	⁉ ⁉	exclamation question mark
	⸮ ⸮	irony mark
	❓ ❓	ornamental question mark
	❗ ❗	ornamental exclamation mark
	❢ ❢	ornamental heavy exclamation mark
‘ ‘	‘ ‘	left single quote mark
	❛ ❛	left single ornamental quote mark
’ ’	’ ’	right single quote mark
	❜ ❜	right single ornamental quote mark
“ “	“ “	left double quote mark
	❝ ❝	left double ornamental quote mark
” ”	” ”	right double quote mark
	❞ ❞	right double ornamental quote mark
	❟ ❟	ornamental comma
… …	… …	horizontal ellipsis
§ §	§ §	silcrow (section mark)
¶ ¶	¶ ¶	pilcrow (paragraph mark)

Spaces

Here are various space characters:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
		En quad
		Em quad
		no-break space = non-breaking space
&ensp;		en space
&emsp;		em space
		1/3 em space
		1/4 em space
		1/6 em space
		figure space (width of digit)
		narrow non-breaking space
		thin space
		hair space
		zero width space
		mathematical space
		zero width non-breaking space

Other Useful Characters

Here are more useful characters:

Entities	Numeric Character References	Descriptions
	⧉ ⧉	double squares (may be used to indicate external links)
	&#1f517; 🔗	link (may be used to indicate links)
· ·	· ·	Middle dot, Decimal
° °	° °	Degree
′ ′	′ ′	Prime, Foot, Minute
″ ″	″ ″	Double Prime, Inch, Second
		soft hyphen = discretionary hyphen
	‑ ‑	non-breaking hyphen
	‑ ‑	non-breaking hyphen
	‐ ‐	hyphen
	⁓ ⁓	swung dash (wide ~tilde)
– –	– –	en dash
— —	— —	em dash
	⸺ ⸺	2 em dash
	⸻ ⸻	3 em dash
	〜〜	wave dash
	〰〰	wavy dash
	≈ ≈	about equals
	≃ ≃	about equals or asymptopic to
	≅ ≅	about equals or congruant to
	∼ ∼	about equals, proportional to, similar to, or probablistic to
‘ ‘	‘ ‘	left single quote mark
’ ’	’ ’	right single quote mark
“ “	“ “	left double quote mark
” ”	” ”	right double quote mark
	‽ ‽	interrobang
	⸮ ⸮	irony mark
	🙲 🙲	ornamental ampersand
	🙳 🙳	ornamental ampersand
	🙴 🙴	ornamental ampersand
	🙵 🙵	ornamental ampersand
	❓ ❓	ornamental question mark
	❗ ❗	ornamental exclamation mark
	❢ ❢	ornamental heavy exclamation mark
	❛ ❛	left single ornamental quote mark
	❜ ❜	right single ornamental quote mark
	❝ ❝	left double ornamental quote mark
	❞ ❞	right double ornamental quote mark
	❟ ❟	ornamental comma
… …	… …	horizontal ellipsis

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